CNTAA - THE PILOT GROUND SCHOOL

1. Introduction

2. Question No. 1 to 7

3. Question No. 8 to 12

4. Question No. 13 to 16

5. Question No. 17

6. Question No. 18

1. Importance of Units in aviation - Air Canada Flight 143 The Gimli Glider

2. Introduction to Units and their conversion

3. Mass & Volume Conversion

4. Length & Distance Conversion

5. Question No. 1 to 6

6. Question No. 7 to 8

7. Question No. 9

8. Question No. 10 to 11

Additional Quiz - Unit Conversion & 1 60 Rule and It's Applications

1. Convergency Definition

2. Properties of Convergency

3. GC Track Direction in Northern Hemisphere

4. GC Track Direction in Southern Hemisphere

5. Convergency GC Track

6. GC Convergence Angle

7. Question No. 1 to 4

8. Question No. 5 to 8

9. Question No. 9 to 12

10. Question No. 13 to 16

11. Question No. 18 to 20

12. Question No. 21 to 25

13. Question No. 26 to 28

14. Question No. 29 to 31

Additional Quiz - Convergency

1. INTRODUCTION

2. Classification of fuel 1

3. Classification of fuel 2

4. Maximum Strutural Take off mass (MSTOM)

5. PLTOM- Performance Limited Take-off Mass

6. PLTOM 2

7. PLTOM 3

8. PLTOM 4

9. RLM 1 (Regulated Landing Mass)

10. Maximum Zero Fuel Mass (MZFW)

11. Calculation of TOM

12. Question No. 1

13. Question No. 2 to 3

14. Question No. 4

15. Question No. 5 to 7

16. Question No. 8 to 12

17. Question No. 13 to 16

Additional Quiz - Payload - Traffic Load

Payload - II

1. Introduction

2. Types of Scale

3. Question No. 1 to 2

4. Question No. 3 to 4

5. Question No. 5 to 8

6. Question No. 9 to 12

Relative Motion & Scale Factor

1. Introduction

2. Planets In Solar System

3. Keplers Laws of Planetary Motion

4. Earth's orbit & declination of sun

5. Seasons 1

6. Seasons 2

7. Seasons 3

8. Hour Angle & Greenwich Hour Angle

9. Day

10. Year

11. Sunset & Sunrise 1

12. Sunset & Sunrise 2

13. Twilight

14. Questions 1 to 11

15. Question No. 12 to 16

1. Introduction

2. Local Mean Time- 1

3. Local Mean Time- 2

4. Local Mean Time- 3

5. Local Mean Time- 4

6. UTC

7. International date line (IDL)

8. Zone Time- 1

9. Zone Time- 2

10. Zone Time- 3

11. Zone Time- 4

12. Standard Time- 1

13. Standard Time- 2

14. Standard Time- 3

15. Summer Time or Daylight Saving Time (DST)

16. Question No. 1

17. Question No. 2

18. Question No. 3 to 5

19. Question 6

20. Question No. 7 to 9

21. Question No. 10 to 11

22. Question No. 12

23. Question No. 13 to 16

24. Question No. 17 to 20

25. Question No. 21 to 23

26. Question No. 24

27. Question No. 24 to 25

28. Question No. 26 to 28

Additional Quiz - Solar System & Time

1. Introduction

2. Types of Projection

3. Characteristic of ideal chart

4. Perspective and Non Perspective Charts

5. Cylindrical projection

6. Mercator Projection

7. Conical Projection

8. Lambert conformal , conical projection between two standard parallel

9. Properties of Lambert Conformal Conical Projection

10. Azimuthal or Zenithal projection

11. Transverse Mercator

12. Oblique Mercator

13. Mercator Question No. 1 to 3

14. Mercator Question No. 4 to 7

15. Mercator Question No. 8 to 13

16. Mercator Question No. 14 to 17

17. Bearing

18. QUJ, QTE and Relative bearing

19. VOR bearings

20. Mercator Question No. 18 to 22

21. Lambert Question No. 23 to 24

22. Lambert Question No. 25 to 29

23. Lambert Question No. 30 to 32

24. Polar stereographic Projection Question No. 33 to 38

25. Polar stereographic Projection Questions

Additional Quiz - Mercator Chart

Additional Quiz - Lambert conformal Chart

1. Introduction

2. Equitime point - 1

3. Equitime point - 2

4. Critical Point

5. Properties of CP - 1

6. Properties of CP - 2

7. Point of No return

8. Formula & Properties

9. Sums

10. Question No. 1 to 4

11. Question No. 5 to 8

12. Question No. 9 to 15

13. Question No. 16 to 18

14. Question No. 19 to 21

15. Question No. 22 to 26

Additional Quiz - CP PNR

1. Topographical Charts symbols

2. Question No. 1 to 6

1. Forces Acting on Aircraft

2. Stresses & Loads on Aircraft

3. Weight Limitations

4. Longitudinal stability - stability

5. Longitudinal stability - Wing Moment

6. Longitudinal stability - Tail Plane Moment

7. Longitudinal stability -Limits of CG - 1

8. Longitudinal stability -Limits of CG - 2

9. Effects of CG outside FWD limit

10. Effects of CG outside AFT limit

11. Effects of Increasing airplane mass

12. Terminologies

13. CG position as percentage of MAC

14. Repositioning of CG- Movement of mass

15. Repositioning of CG- Adding or Subtracting mass

16. Question No. 1 to 5

17. Question No. 6 to 10

18. Question No. 11 to 12

19. Question No. 13 to 18

20. Question No. 19 to 21

21. Question No. 22 to 24

22. Question No. 25 to 26

23. Question No. 27 to 30

Additional Quiz (with solution) - Mass & Balance

1. Introduction

2. NOTAM - Notice to Airman

3. Aeronautical Terminal Information Service (ATIS)

4. Aeronautical Information Publication

5. Jeppesen Charts - Airports

6. Jeppesen Charts - MEA, MOCA, MAA, Distances

7. Jeppesen Charts - Grid MORA

8. Jeppesen Charts - Airspaces

9. Minimum Flight Altitude and RVSM

10. ATC Flight plan - Definitions

11. ATC Flight plan - Item 7, Item 8

12. ATC Flight plan - Item 9

13. ATC Flight plan - Item 10

14. ATC Flight plan - Item 13

15. ATC Flight plan - Item 15

16. ATC Flight plan - Item 15 - 2

17. ATC Flight plan - Item 16

18. ATC Flight plan - Item 18

19. ATC Flight plan - Item 19

20. Question No. 1 to 10

21. Question No. 11 to 17

22. Question No. 18 to 22

1. Introduction

2. Breakdown of Fuel - Taxi fuel

3. Breakdown of fuel - Trip fuel

4. Reserve Fuel - Contingency fuel

5. Reserve Fuel - Alternate fuel

6. Reserve Fuel - Final reserve fuel

7. Reserve Fuel - Additional fuel

8. Calculation of Contingency Fuel

9. Fuel Monitoring

10. In-Flight Re-planning - Decision Point Procedure

11. In-Flight Re-planning- Isolated Aerodrome Procedure

12. Question No. 1 to 5

13. Question No. 6 to 11

Additional Quiz (with solution) - Flight Planning & Monitoring

1. Introduction

2. Definitions 1

3. Declared distances TORA, TODA, ASDA

4. Definitions 3

5. Minimum Control Speed

6. Alternate Airport

7. Definitions 6

8. Definitions 7

9. Definition 8

10. Definition 9

11. Definition 10

12. Definition 11

13. Definition 12

14. Definition 13

15. Definition 14

16. Definition 15

17. Definition 16

18. Turbo Jet

1. Take off - Field length requirement

2. Factors affecting Take off distance

3. Take off distance computation

4. Take off speed requirements

5. Climb

6. En-route and Descent

7. Landing

8. Question No. 1 to 7

9. Question No. 8 to 15

Additional Quiz (with solution) - Single Engine Class B

1. Take off 1

2. Take off 2

3. En- route and Descend - 1

4. En- route and Descend 2

5. Landing

6. Question No. 1 to 6

7. Question No. 7 to 17

8. Question No. 18 to 23

Additional Quiz (with solution) - Multi Engine Class B

1. Introduction

2. Take off Distance Stop way

3. TORA , TODA, ASDA

4. Take off speeds

5. Calculating Take off distance

6. How thrust varies during take-off- Jet Engine

7. How thrust varies during take-off- Flat rated Engine

8. How thrust varies during take-off- Propeller and Supercharged Engine

9. Factors affecting drag during take-off

10. Take off speed

11. Factors affecting TOD - Weight

12. Factors affecting TOD - Air Density

13. Factors affecting TOD - Wind

14. Factors affecting TOD- Runway slope and Runway Surface

15. Flap Setting

16. Question No. 1 to 6

17. Question No. 7 to 9

18. Question No. 10 to 15

19. Question No. 16 to 23

20. Question No. 24 to 33

1. Introduction

2. Angle of climb

3. Effect of Weight on Climb angle

4. Calculating Climb Gradient- All engine operative

Climb gradient- One engine inoperative

5. Effects of Flaps on Climb angle

6. Types of Drag

7. Best Angle of climb speed- Vx- Vmd -Jet

8. Factors affecting Vmd

9. Region of Reverse Command- Speed Unstable Region

10. Factors affecting Angle of Climb- Weight, Config, Density, Acceleration, Bank

11. Effect of wind on Climb angle

12. Rate of Climb

13. Best Rate of climb speed Vy

14. Factors affecting ROC- Weight and Configuration

15. Factors affecting ROC- Density

16. Absolute ceiling

17. Factors affecting ROC- Wind

18. Examples

19. Descent Introduction

20. Angle of Descent or Descent Range

21. Descent Gradient

22. Maximum angle of descent

23. Minimum Angle of Descent

24. Rate of Descent

25. Maximum and Minimum Rate of descent

26. Factors affecting Descent- Wind

27. Factors affecting Descent- Configuration

28. Factors affecting Descent- Wind

29. Summary

30. Question No. 1 to 7

31. Questions No. 8 to 14

32. Question No. 15 to 20

33. Question No. 21 to 30

34. Question No. 31 to 39

35. Question No. 40 to 43

1. Introduction

2. Couple of Forces

3. Tailplane download

4. Effect of FWD And AFT CG

5. Cruise Performance- Endurance

6. Best Endurance- Jet Airplane

7. Best Endurance- Propeller Airplane

8. Factors affecting Endurance- Weight

9. Factors affecting endurance- Configuration - Propeller Engine

10. Factors affecting Endurance- Wind and Altitude

11. Maximum Range

12. Maximum Range Cruise-MRC- Jet Airplane

13. Maximum Range Cruise- MRC- Propeller

14. Factors affecting Range- Weight, Configuration

15. Factors affecting Range- Payload

16. Factors affecting Range- Wind

17. Factors affecting Range- Altitude

18. Optimum Altitude

19. Factors affecting Range- Altitude

20. Wind altitude trade-off

21. LRC - LONG RANGE CRUISE

22. Question No. 1 to 8

23. Question No. 9 to 19

24. Question No. 20 to 27

25. Question No. 28 to 37

26. Question No. 38 to 46

1. Introduction

2. Landing- Airborne Section

3. Landing- Ground Run-Landing Roll

4. LDA- Landing distance available

5. Landing- Lift and Weight

6. Reverse Thrust

7. Reverse Pitch

8. Drag- Aerodynamic Drag

9. Drag- Wheel and Brake drag

10. Landing distance required formula

11. Factors affecting Landing distance- Weight, Density

12. Factors affecting Landing distance- Wind

13. Factors affecting Landing distance- Flap Setting

14. Factors affecting Landing distance- Runway slope

15. Factors affecting Landing distance- Runway Surface

16. Factors affecting Landing distance- Runway Contamination

17. Hydroplaning or Aquaplaning

18. Landing techniques on Slippery Runway

19. Microburst and Windshear

20. Question No. 1 to 10

1. Introduction

2. Operational Requirements

3. Regulated TOM- Field Limit Mass, Climb Limit Mass

4. Regulated TOM- ACN-PCN, VMBE, VTIRE

5. Net Take-off Run required

6. Net Take-off Distance Required

7. Net Accelerate Stop Distance required

8. V speeds- VEF, VMCG

9. V speeds- VMBE

10. V speeds- Ideal V1

11. Factors affecting V1

12. V speeds- VMCA and VMCL

13. V speeds- VMU, VR and VLOF

14. V speeds- V2

15. Balanced field and Unbalanced field

16. V1 Range

17. Question No. 1 to 6

18. Question No. 7 to 15

19. Question No. 16 to 25

20. Question No. 26 to 35

21. Additional Take off Procedures- Take-off with contaminated runway

22. Additional Take-off procedures- Take-off with increased V2 speed

23. Additional Take-off procedures- Take-off with reduced thrust

24. Additional Take-off procedures- Take-off with anti-skid inoperative

25. Question No. 1 to 12

26. Take off- Climb- Introduction

27. Segment 1 and Segment 2

28. Segment 3 and Segment 4

29. Obstacle clearance, Effect of Wind, Turns

30. Cruise Performance- Climb and Descend Speed Profile

31. Cost Index

32. Aerodynamic Ceiling and Manoeuvre Ceiling

33. Normal Descent, Emergency Descent, Drift Down, EDTO

34. Question No. 1 to 10

35. Question No. 11 to 22

36. Question No. 23 to 30

37. Question No. 31 to 41

38. Class A aircraft- Landing

39. Question No. 1 to 6

40. Question N0. 7 to 14

1. Introduction

2. Datum meridian, Grid North

3. Convergence East or West

4. Convergence East True Least, Convergence West True Best

5. Steering by Compass- Grivation

6. G C T V M D C Table

7. North Polar Grid

8. South Polar Grid

9. Question No. 1 to 2

10. Question No. 3 to 4

11. Question No. 5 to 6

12. Question No. 7 to 9

13. Question No. 10 to 12

14. Question No. 13 to 15

Additional Quiz (with solution) - Gridded Charts

1. Difference between ETOPS and EDTO [Most frequently asked question in VIVA ;) ]

2. EDTO Approval

3. Alternate Aerodromes- Take off alternate and Destination alternate

4. Alternate Aerodromes- Enroute alternate and EDTO alternate

5. EDTO Terminologies- EEP, EXP, ETP

6. EDTO Terminologies- EDTO Significant systems, Isolated Aerodrome, Max. Diversion

7. EDTO Terminologies- PNR, Threshold time, APU, IFSD, CMP

8. EDTO Significant systems

9. Earliest and Latest ETA- EDTO Validity Window

10. EDTO Dispatch Minima

11. EDTO Fuel Requirement- Critical Point

12. Critical Fuel scenario- All Engine Decompression

13. Critical Fuel scenario- One engine Inoperative and Decompression

14. Critical Fuel scenario- One engine Inoperative

15. Conditions to account for to calculate Critical Fuel

16. In-flight weather Monitoring

1. What is PBN-RNAV-RNP

2. ABAS, GBAS, SBAS

3. Definitions- APV

4. Definitions- D-D, D-D-I RNAV, FDE

5. Definitions- NSE, PDE, FTE, TSE

6. Definitions- IAF, Fly-over and Fly-by WPT

7. RNAV-RNP 10

8. RNAV-RNP 10- Pre-flight procedures

9. SLOP- Strategic lateral offset procedure

10. RNAV 5, RNAV 1, RNP 2

1. Introduction to GNSS

2. Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion

3. Position Reference System

4. GPS Segments- Space Segment

5. GPS Segments- Control Segment and User Segment

6. Principle of Operation

7. Principle of Operation- Position Determination

8. GPS Errors

9. Differential GPS

10. ABAS- Air Based Augmentation System- e.g. RAIM

11. GBAS- Ground Based Augmentation System- e.g LAAS

12. SBAS- satellite-based augmentation system- e.g. WAAS, EGNOS, GAGAN

13. QnA Part 1.

14. QnA Part 2

INS, IRS and FMS

1. CMV- Converted Meteorological Visibility

2. Minimum and Mayday Fuel

3. Adequate and Suitable airfield

FULL GENERAL NAVIGATION EXAM

Test 1

Test 2

Test 3

Test 4

Test 5

Test 6

Test 7

Test 8

Test 9

Test 10

Test 11

Test 12

Test 13

Test 14

1. CMV- Converted Meteorological Visibility

2. Minimum and Mayday Fuel

3. Adequate and Suitable airfield

Zoom Session

1. Introduction

2. Enroute charts- Introduction

3. ENR- Heading and Chart Coverage Diagram

4. ENR- Changes, Airspace limits, Communication

5. ENR- Special use airspace, Transponder setting

6. Enroute chart Scale

7. Enroute chart Legend-1

8. Enroute chart legend- 2

9. Enroute chart legend- 3

10. Enroute chart legend- 4

11. Approach Chart legend- Introduction

12. Approach chart legend- Heading

13. Approach chart- Plan View- 1

14. Approach chart- Plan View- 2

15. Approach Chart- Profile View- 1

16. Approach Chart- Profile View- 2

17. Approach Chart- Profile View- 3- CANPA and CDFA

18. Approach Chart- Profile View- 4

19. Approach Chart- Minimum- 1

20. Approach Chart- Minimum- 2

21. Approach Chart- Minimum- 3

22. RNAV SID-STAR-1

23. RNAV- SID-STAR- 2

24. RNAV-SID-STAR-3

25. RNAV-SID-STAR- 4

26. Airport Charts- 1

27. Airport Charts- 2

28. Airport charts- 3

Zoom Session

Zoom Session

RIC- Remote Indicating Compass

1. Speed Reference System (SRS)

2. Reactive and Predictive Wind shear; and Path Attenuation Compensation (PAC).

3. Modes Of GPWS

4. Terrain Clearance Floor (TCF).

5. Runway Field Clearance Floor (RFCF).

6. The Air Data and intertial Reference system (ADIRS).

7. Radio Nav- Tuning.

8. Traffic Alert and Collison Avoidance System (TCAS).

9. Reduced Vertical Separation Minima (RVSM).

10. PBN-RNAV-RNP

11. Navigation Database.

12. Low Visibility Take Off (LVTO)

13. Approach ban and failures associated to auto-land.

14. TCAS 7.0 and 7.1

DGCA Sample Paper- ATPL Navigation

ATPL AIR NAV DGCA sample paper June 2024

1. Introduction

2. Aircraft Magnetism

3. Hard and Soft iron components

4. Hard Iron components

5. Coefficient B

6. Coefficient C

7. Coefficient A

8. Compass Swing

9. Direct Reading Compass

10. Properties of Direct reading compass- Horizontality

11. Aperiodicity or Dead beat oscillation

12. Sensitivity

13. Types of DRC

14. Errors of DRC- Acceleration in NH

15. Deceleration in NH

16. Acceleration in SH

17. Deceleration in SH

18. Turning error- Turning through North in NH

19. Turning error- Turning through South- NH

20. Turning error- Turning through North- SH

21. Turning through south- SH

22. Question No. 1 to 6

23. Question No. 7 to 10

24. Question 11 to 18

25. Question No. 19 to 28

Magnetism & DRC

VAN - L1 - (Introduction)

VAN - L2 - (WDI, Landing T, Signal Panels and Area)

VAN - L3 - (Mandatory Signs)

VAN - L4 - (Location Signs)

VAN - L5 - (Mandatory Instruction and Location signs-2)

VAN - L6 - (Signs on Complex airports and Taxiways)

VAN - L7 - (Precision Instrument Runway Markings)

VAN - L8 - (Displaced Threshold)

VAN - L9 - (Stop bar lights and Runway guard lights)

VAN - L10 - (Runway Designation markings)

VAN - L11 - (Runway markings)

VAN - L12 - (Taxiway Markings)

VAN - L13 - (Lights)

VAN - L14 - (ALS- Approach Lighting System)

VAN - L15 - (Runway Lights-1)

VAN - L16 - (Runway Lights 2)

VAN - L17 - (Declared Distances- TORA, ASDA, TODA, Stopway, Clearway)

VAN - L18 - (ARIWS- Autonomous Runway Incursion Warning System)

VAN - L19 - (Taxiway Lights)

VAN - L20 - (Airport Markings)

VAN - L21 - (Airport Markings-2)

VAN - L22 - (Mandatory Instruction Signs)

VAN - L23 - (Information Signs and Mandatory Instruction markings)

VAN - L24 - (Runway Holding position markings and RFFS)

VAN - L25 - (Q 1 to 10)

VAN - L26 - (Q11 to 21)

VAN - L27 - (Q22 to Q 34)

VAN - L28 - (Q35 to 50)

Questions

Questions

1. Scientific Calculator

2. CX3 Calculator

June 2023